Name | Triphenyl phosphate |
Synonyms | TPP Dymel Altal Reofos TPP PhosflexTPP celluflextpp DisflamollTP disflamolltp Disflamoll TP Celluflex TPP Tripheyl phosphate Triphenyl phosphate Triphenyl Phosphate(TPP) TRIPHENYL PHOSPHATE (TPP) Triphenyl Phosphate (TPPa) Triphenyl phosphate white xtl Phosphoric acid triphenyl ester triphenyl phosphate free of phenol |
CAS | 115-86-6 |
EINECS | 204-112-2 |
InChI | InChI=1/C18H15O4P/c19-23(20-16-10-4-1-5-11-16,21-17-12-6-2-7-13-17)22-18-14-8-3-9-15-18/h1-15H |
InChIKey | XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | C18H15O4P |
Molar Mass | 326.28 |
Density | 1.2055 |
Melting Point | 48-50 °C (lit.) |
Boling Point | 244 °C/10 mmHg (lit.) |
Flash Point | 435°F |
Water Solubility | insoluble |
Solubility | Insoluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol, soluble in benzene, chloroform, acetone, soluble in ether. |
Vapor Presure | 1.3 mm Hg ( 200 °C) |
Vapor Density | 11.3 (vs air) |
Appearance | Colorless crystal |
Color | White |
Odor | Odorless |
Exposure Limit | TLV-TWA air 3 mg/m3 (ACGIH, OSHA,and NIOSH). |
Merck | 14,9742 |
BRN | 1888236 |
Storage Condition | Store below +30°C. |
Stability | Stable. |
Refractive Index | 1.563 |
MDL | MFCD00003031 |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Melting point 47-53°C boiling point 370°C flash point 220°C water-soluble insoluble |
Use | As a plasticizer for plastics such as nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate and polyvinyl chloride |
Risk Codes | R22 - Harmful if swallowed R38 - Irritating to the skin R40 - Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect R48/20/22 - R50/53 - Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R52/53 - Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R67 - Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness R66 - Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking R36 - Irritating to the eyes R11 - Highly Flammable R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. |
Safety Description | S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S22 - Do not breathe dust. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S16 - Keep away from sources of ignition. S24 - Avoid contact with skin. S9 - Keep container in a well-ventilated place. |
UN IDs | UN 3077 9/PG 3 |
WGK Germany | 2 |
RTECS | TC8400000 |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 29190010 |
Hazard Class | 9 |
Packing Group | III |
Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 3500 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 7900 mg/kg |
Raw Materials | Phenol Chlorine Phosphorus trichloride |
Reference Show more | 1. Yao, R., Zhao, D.-D., Zhang, S., Zhou, L.-Q., Wang, X., Gao, C.-F. and Wu, S.-F. (2017), Monitoring and mechanisms of insecticide resistance in Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), with special reference to diamides. Pest. Manag. Sci., 73: 1169-117 2. Nguyen, Tung Ngoc, et al. "Halogen‐free flame‐retardant flexible polyurethane for textile coating: Preparation and characterisation." Fire and Materials 44.2 (2020): 269-282.https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.2799 3. [IF=4.845] Rong Yao et al."Monitoring and mechanisms of insecticide resistance in Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), with special reference to diamides."Pest Manag Sci. 2017 Jun;73(6):1169-1178 4. [IF=4.845] Li-Xiang Wang et al."Mechanism of metabolic resistance to pymetrozine in Nilaparvata lugens: over-expression of cytochrome P450 CYP6CS1 confers pymetrozine resistance."Pest Manag Sci. 2021 Sep;77(9):4128-4137 5. [IF=2.407] Tung Ngoc Nguyen et al."Halogen-free flame-retardant flexible polyurethane for textile coating: Preparation and characterisation."Fire Mater. 2020 Mar;44(2):269-282 |
Henry's Law Constant | 5.88 at 20 °C (approximate - calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure) |
LogP | 4.6 at 20℃ |
NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
Use | Used as a gas chromatography fixative, cellulose and plastic plasticizer and camphor incombustible substitute in celluloid Used to increase the plasticity and flow performance of plastic processing and molding Used as plasticizer for nitrocellulose, acetate fiber and polyvinyl chloride and other plastics Triphenyl phosphate tpp is mainly used for flame retardant plasticizer for cellulose resin, vinyl resin, natural rubber and synthetic rubber, it can also be used for flame retardant plasticization of engineering plastics such as triacetate thin ester and film, rigid polyurethane foam, phenolic resin, and PPO. gas chromatography stationary solution (the maximum service temperature is 175 ℃, the solvent is ether), the selectivity is similar to polyethylene glycol, and can selectively retain alcohol compounds. |
production method | methods include: direct method of (I) phosphorus oxychloride (thermal method) and indirect method of phosphorus trichloride (cold method). (1) Heat method????? Dissolve phenol in pyridine and anhydrous benzene solvent, slowly add phosphorus oxychloride below 10 ℃, then react for 3-4 hours under reflux humidity, and after cooling to room temperature, the reactant is washed with water to recover pyridine, used for dehydration of sodium sulfate, filtration to remove sodium sulfate, and distillation to recover benzene under normal pressure. Decompression distillation collects the fraction of 243-245 ℃/1.47KPa, and is cooled, crystallized and crushed to obtain the finished product. (2) Cold method?????? Dissolve phenol in pyridine and anhydrous benzene solvent, then add phosphorus trichloride dropwise at 40 ℃ to generate triphenyl phosphite, continue to pass chlorine at 70 ℃ to generate trichlorophosphate triphenyl acid, and then hydrolyze at 80 ℃ to generate triphenyl phosphate. The hydrolysate is washed with water, neutralized with alkali, concentrated and then distilled under reduced pressure to obtain the finished product. Refining method: It often contains impurities such as phenol, phosphoric acid and acidic phenyl phosphate. Recrystallization refining with ethanol or a mixture of ethanol and solvent gasoline. |
category | toxic substances |
toxicity classification | poisoning |
acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 3500 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 1320 mg/kg |
flammability hazard characteristics | heat, open flame, oxidant combustion; phosphorus oxide smoke from the fire site |
storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse is low temperature, ventilated and dry; Store separately from oxidant |
fire extinguishing agent | mist water, foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder, sand. |
occupational standard | TWA 3 mg/m3; STEL 6 mg/m3 |
spontaneous combustion temperature | >500°C |
toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
immediate life-threatening and health concentration | 1,000 mg/m3 |